counterwind
Counterwind refers to a wind blowing in the opposite direction to the intended movement or course of a vehicle, aircraft, or vessel. It is a type of adverse wind that can significantly affect performance, efficiency, and safety. For aircraft, a counterwind, often called a headwind, increases ground speed and thus reduces the distance required for takeoff and landing. It also increases the amount of fuel consumed for a given flight path. Conversely, a tailwind, which blows in the same direction as travel, decreases ground speed and increases the distance needed for takeoff and landing, while improving fuel efficiency.
In maritime contexts, counterwind poses a challenge for sailing vessels, as it limits the ability to sail
On land, counterwind is generally less of a factor for most vehicles, but it can impact the