counterproposition

Counterproposition, also written as counter-proposal, is a term used in politics, law and negotiation to denote a proposal submitted in response to a previously presented proposal with the aim of altering terms or offering an alternative approach. In general, a counterproposition is a negotiated response that can replace or supplement the original proposal, depending on the legal or procedural rules governing the process.

In contract and negotiation contexts, a counterproposal is a reply to an offer that changes its terms; it is typically considered a new offer, and the original offer lapses unless the parties agree to continue negotiations.

In Swiss direct democracy, a distinctive use is a counterproposal to a popular initiative. If the legislature or executive proposes a policy alternative to a citizen-initiated ballot measure, the counterproposal is presented alongside the initiative and voters may be asked to vote on both. The aim is to present a compromise that could attract broader support, sometimes shaping the policy outcome even if the initiative fails.

Other jurisdictions use the term similarly; however, in some legal systems a counterproposal is simply called a counteroffer, and refers more narrowly to a rearranged set of terms in an ongoing negotiation rather than a formal legislative instrument.

See also: offer and acceptance, negotiation, initiative, referendum.