corticosteroïden

Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex or can be synthesized for medical use. They play a crucial role in various bodily functions, including metabolism, immune response, and inflammation. Naturally occurring corticosteroids in the human body include cortisol, also known as hydrocortisone, and corticosterone.

Medically, corticosteroids are widely used as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents. They are prescribed to treat a wide range of conditions such as asthma, allergies, arthritis, eczema, and autoimmune diseases like lupus. Their mechanism of action involves reducing inflammation by inhibiting the production of inflammatory chemicals and suppressing the activity of immune cells.

Corticosteroids can be administered in various forms, including oral tablets, inhaled sprays, topical creams, and injections. The choice of administration depends on the condition being treated and its severity. While effective, corticosteroids can also have side effects, especially with long-term or high-dose use. These side effects can include weight gain, mood changes, increased risk of infection, bone thinning (osteoporosis), and suppression of the body's natural corticosteroid production. Therefore, their use is typically managed by healthcare professionals to balance therapeutic benefits with potential risks.