contraculture

A contraculture, sometimes spelled counterculture, refers to a subculture whose values and norms of behavior differ substantially from those of mainstream society, often in direct opposition to prevailing social mores. These groups typically reject established cultural institutions, traditions, and social norms, and may advocate for alternative lifestyles, political systems, or philosophical outlooks.

Contracultures often emerge during periods of social upheaval or significant change, as younger generations question the prevailing societal order. The 1960s counterculture in the United States, for instance, is a well-known example, characterized by its opposition to the Vietnam War, embrace of psychedelic drugs, experimentation with communal living, and promotion of peace and love. Other historical examples include the Beat Generation of the 1950s and various bohemian movements throughout history.

Key characteristics of contracultures can include distinct fashion, music, language, and artistic expression that serve to differentiate them from the mainstream and reinforce group identity. While some contracultures are short-lived, fading as their members integrate into or influence the broader society, others can have a lasting impact on culture, art, politics, and social attitudes. The relationship between a contraculture and the dominant culture can range from outright rejection and conflict to gradual assimilation and mutual influence.