componente

Componente is a term used to describe a part of a larger system that participates in its function. A componente is typically designed to be separable, replaceable, and to interact with other parts through defined interfaces. The concept emphasizes modularity: complex systems are built from a set of components that can be combined, upgraded, or replaced without redesigning the whole system.

In engineering and manufacturing, components are physical parts such as gears, bolts, or housings, assembled to form machines, vehicles, or structures. A component is usually described by its specifications, tolerances, materials, and its role in the system. A bill of materials lists all components required for production.

In electronics, components include resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, connectors, and integrated circuits. They can be discrete devices or modules and are assembled on boards to implement circuits. Electronic component standards and packaging (through-hole, surface-mount) facilitate interchangeability.

In software, a component is a modular part with a well-defined interface that provides services to other parts of a program. Component-based software engineering aims to build systems by composing reusable components. Common examples include libraries, services, web components, and platform-specific models such as COM, CORBA components, EJB, or OSGi bundles.

In mathematics and science, "component" has specialized meanings: a connected component is a maximal connected subset of a topological space or graph; a chemical component is a constituent of a mixture.

The term also appears in other contexts, such as sensory components or components of a control system, reflecting its broad use to describe modular parts that contribute to a whole.