compósito

A compósito is a material made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties which remain separate and distinct at the macroscopic or microscopic level within the finished structure. The individual components retain their identities and do not dissolve or merge completely into one another, although they do combine to achieve the desired properties. The goal is to create a material that is better than its individual components.

The constituent materials are typically a matrix and a reinforcement. The matrix surrounds and binds the reinforcement, transferring stress to it. The reinforcement provides the structural strength. Common reinforcements include fibers, particles, or flakes. The matrix can be a polymer, metal, or ceramic. The properties of a compósito are influenced by the type of matrix and reinforcement, their shape, size, distribution, and orientation.

Compósitos are used in a wide range of applications due to their advantageous properties such as high strength-to-weight ratio, stiffness, and resistance to corrosion. They are found in aerospace components, automotive parts, sporting goods, construction materials, and more. Examples include carbon fiber reinforced polymers, fiberglass, and metal matrix compósitos. The design and manufacturing of compósitos require specific knowledge and techniques to ensure optimal performance and durability.