codéine

Codeine is an opioid drug used to treat mild to moderate pain. It is also used to suppress coughs. It is available as a prescription medication, often combined with other ingredients such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Codeine works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, which alters the body's perception of pain.

The typical starting dose for codeine for pain relief is 15 to 60 milligrams every four to six hours as needed. For cough suppression, doses are generally lower, around 10 to 20 milligrams every four to six hours. It is important to follow the dosage instructions provided by a healthcare professional.

Common side effects of codeine include drowsiness, dizziness, constipation, nausea, and vomiting. More serious side effects can occur, particularly with higher doses or prolonged use, and may include respiratory depression, confusion, and a risk of dependence and addiction. It is crucial to avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants while taking codeine, as this can increase the risk of severe side effects.

Codeine can be habit-forming, and individuals may develop a physical and psychological dependence. Withdrawal symptoms can occur if codeine is stopped abruptly after regular use. Due to its potential for misuse and addiction, codeine is a controlled substance in many countries. It is not recommended for use in children, especially those who are very young, due to the risk of serious breathing problems.