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chromatographybased

Chromatographybased describes methods and processes that rely on chromatography as the primary mechanism to separate components of a mixture. In chromatography, a mobile phase carries the sample through a stationary phase, and components distribute between phases according to their chemical affinity, yielding separation.

Common chromatography-based techniques include gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC) such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

Separation depends on factors: partition coefficients, adsorption, size, charge, and specific interactions with the stationary phase.

Applications span pharmaceutical analysis, proteomics, metabolomics, environmental monitoring, food and beverage safety, and chemical synthesis purification.

Typical chromatography systems combine a column packed with stationary phase, a controlled mobile-phase flow, and detectors

Considerations include method development time, cost of instruments and consumables, need for trained personnel, and potential

Chromatography originated with Mikhail Tsvet in the early 20th century; modern chromatography matured with developments in

As a generic term, chromatography-based methods are central to analytical chemistry and pharmaceutical development due to

and
ultra-high-performance
liquid
chromatography
(UHPLC),
thin-layer
chromatography
(TLC),
ion-exchange
chromatography,
size-exclusion
(gel
filtration)
chromatography,
and
affinity
chromatography.
Selectivity,
efficiency,
and
resolution
depend
on
column
design,
mobile-phase
composition,
flow
rate,
temperature,
and
sample
preparation.
such
as
UV/visible,
fluorescence,
refractive
index,
or
mass
spectrometry
to
identify
and
quantify
components.
matrix
effects.
HPLC
in
the
1960s
and
subsequent
advances
in
detectors
and
columns.
their
versatility
in
separating,
purifying,
and
characterizing
complex
mixtures.