chondrophores

Chondrophores are a specialized structure found in some species of gastropods, particularly within the family Conidae (cone snails). These are not external shells, but rather internal, calcified plates or growths that are embedded within the mantle tissue. The term "chondrophore" itself comes from Greek words meaning "cartilage-bearing," referring to the somewhat cartilaginous appearance of these structures.

The exact function of chondrophores is not fully understood and may vary between species. However, several hypotheses exist. One proposed role is to provide additional support for the internal organs of the gastropod, particularly during defense mechanisms or predatory activities. Another theory suggests they might play a part in calcium metabolism or storage. In some cases, the chondrophore may also contribute to the rigidity of the shell or act as an anchor point for muscles.

Chondrophores are typically observed in adult individuals and are not present in juvenile stages. Their morphology can also differ, ranging from simple, plate-like structures to more complex, branched formations. While not a defining characteristic for all gastropods, their presence or absence, along with their specific form, can be useful in the taxonomic classification of certain groups. Research into chondrophores is ongoing, aiming to clarify their precise biological significance and evolutionary history within the gastropod lineage.