chondrophore

A chondrophore is a cartilaginous appendage found in certain marine invertebrates. These structures are typically horn-shaped and serve various functions depending on the species. In some bivalve mollusks, such as scallops, the chondrophore is a raised area on the interior of the shell where the posterior adductor muscle is attached. This attachment point is crucial for the powerful and rapid closing of the shell, enabling escape from predators. The shape and size of the chondrophore can vary between different species of scallops, contributing to their identification.

In other groups of invertebrates, like some gastropods, chondrophores may have different roles. They can be involved in the support of soft tissues or play a part in the anchoring of the animal to a substrate. The term "chondrophore" itself derives from the Greek words "chondros" meaning cartilage and "phoros" meaning bearing, highlighting the cartilaginous nature of these specialized structures. Their presence indicates a specific evolutionary adaptation within these animal lineages, related to locomotion, support, or muscle attachment.