cementáció

Cementação is a term used in geology and dentistry to describe distinct processes that bind materials together. In a broad sense, it refers to the binding of particles by additional material that fills pore spaces or interfaces, transforming loose material into a coherent mass.

In geology, cementação is a diagenetic process that occurs after initial compaction. Mineral cements precipitate from circulating pore fluids and bind sediment grains, producing solid rocks. Common cementing minerals include calcite, silica (such as quartz or opal), and iron oxides. Cementation decreases porosity and permeability and influences rock strength and diagenetic evolution. It is particularly important in the formation of sandstones and siltstones and affects reservoir quality in petroleum geology, where the extent and mineralogy of cement control fluid flow.

In dentistry, cementação (dental cementation) refers to attaching a prosthetic device, such as a crown, inlay, onlay, or veneer, to a prepared tooth using luting cements. The choice of cement depends on bonding requirements, esthetics, solubility, and mechanical properties. Common luting agents include zinc phosphate, zinc polycarboxylate, glass ionomer, resin-based cements, and resin-modified glass ionomers. The cementation process involves proper tooth preparation, surface conditioning, isolation from moisture, and accurate seating of the restoration to achieve an adequate marginal seal and retention.

Overall, cementação describes a binding mechanism that enhances structural integrity, whether binding mineral grains in rocks or securing dental prostheses in place.