castañuelas

Castañuelas, also known as castanets, are a percussion instrument made up of two small hollow wooden shells joined on one side. A pair is worn on each hand and clicked together to produce a bright, rhythmic click. The shells are typically held with straps or cords around the fingers, allowing the player to rapidly snap them apart and together as part of a rhythm or dance.

Construction and technique vary, but most castanets are carved from hardwoods such as boxwood, olive, or rosewood. Some modern versions use synthetic materials. The characteristic sound comes from the vibration of the shells against each other and, to a lesser extent, from the hand and wrist that articulate the snaps. Playing technique emphasizes control of speed, timing, and tonal emphasis; accomplished players can execute rapid sequences and syncopations that contribute to the overall rhythmic texture of a performance.

Origins and regional use: Castañuelas are strongly associated with Spanish music and dance, particularly flamenco, but similar devices appear in other Mediterranean and Latin American musical traditions. They have been present in Europe since at least the medieval period and evolved into a staple accessory for dancers and some instrumental ensembles. In addition to folk and regional styles, castanets are used in classical ballet and various world music contexts.

Care and variations: Castanets are non-pitched idiophones. Care involves keeping them dry to prevent warping, checking cords for wear, and cleaning oils from hands that can affect grip and sound. They vary in size and tone, with larger pairs producing louder, deeper clicks and smaller pairs delivering higher, brighter tones.