castanets

Castanets are a percussion instrument comprising a pair of small, hollow shells joined by a cord. Typically made of wood, though modern versions may use plastic or metal, the shells are held in the hands and clicked together to produce a bright, percussive sound. Each hand carries one pair, and the shells are attached so that they can be spun or struck together by rapid finger and wrist movements. The resulting rhythm can range from steady accents to rapid flurries.

Origins and use: Castanets have long been associated with Iberian music and dance, particularly in Spain and Portugal. They are a hallmark of flamenco dancing, where they provide complex rhythmic patterns that complement clapping (palmas) and guitar. They are also used in regional folk ensembles and in classical compositions that call for Spanish or Mediterranean color.

Playing technique: The shells are held in the hand by cords or loops that allow the two pieces to be brought together or separated. The sound is produced by snapping the shells against each other, often with the guide hand stabilizing the motion. Players can vary volume and tone by adjusting finger pressure, wrist speed, and the position of the hands. Some styles employ alternating or syncopated patterns, interlocking with other percussion voices.

Construction and care: Wooden castanets are typically finished with lacquer or varnish. Plastics are common in educational sets. After playing, dry them to prevent warping and inspect cords for wear. Castanets remain a recognizable symbol of flamenco and Iberian percussion, used by performers around the world in traditional and contemporary contexts.