carunculitis

Carunculitis refers to inflammation of the caruncula. The caruncula, also known as the lacrimal caruncle, is a small, reddish, fleshy mass located in the inner corner of the eye, at the junction of the upper and lower eyelids. It is composed of modified skin glands and contains a small amount of hair.

Inflammation of the caruncula can cause various symptoms, including redness, swelling, tenderness, and discomfort in the inner corner of the eye. It may also lead to increased tear production, a feeling of a foreign body in the eye, or a gritty sensation. In some cases, a small discharge might be present.

The causes of carunculitis can be varied. It is often associated with external irritants such as dust, smoke, or allergens. Blepharitis, an inflammation of the eyelids, can also extend to the caruncle. Infections, either bacterial or viral, can contribute to its inflammation. Dry eye syndrome is another potential factor, as altered tear film can compromise the health of ocular surface structures. Sometimes, mechanical irritation from rubbing the eye or the presence of a foreign object can trigger carunculitis.

Diagnosis is typically made through a clinical examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. If caused by irritation, removing the irritant and using lubricating eye drops may be sufficient. For infections, antibiotic or antiviral eye drops or ointments may be prescribed. In cases of blepharitis or dry eye, managing these conditions is crucial for resolving the carunculitis. Maintaining good eyelid hygiene is often recommended as a preventive measure.