carnitina

Carnitina, also known as L-carnitine, is a quaternary ammonium compound synthesized from the amino acids lysine and methionine. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism within the body. Specifically, carnitine facilitates the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria, the powerhouses of cells. Once inside the mitochondria, these fatty acids are oxidized to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of the cell. This process is vital for the functioning of many tissues, particularly those with high energy demands like muscle and heart tissue.

The body can synthesize carnitine, but it can also be obtained through dietary sources, primarily animal products such as red meat, fish, and dairy. Vegetarian and vegan diets tend to be lower in carnitine. Carnitine is available as a dietary supplement, and it is sometimes used in medical settings to address carnitine deficiencies, which can arise from certain genetic disorders, kidney disease, or prolonged use of specific medications. Research has explored its potential benefits in various conditions, including cardiovascular health, athletic performance, and neurodegenerative diseases, though the evidence for many of these applications is still developing and not conclusively established. The body regulates carnitine levels through a complex system involving synthesis, reabsorption in the kidneys, and excretion.