butüraat

Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)2COOH. It is a colorless, oily liquid with an unpleasant odor, often described as rancid or cheesy. Butyrate is produced in the large intestine by the bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber, primarily resistant starch and non-digestible carbohydrates. This process occurs in the colon, where bacteria break down these complex carbohydrates into simpler compounds.

The primary source of butyrate for the human body is through this fermentation. Certain foods, such as butter, cheese, and animal fats, contain butyrate directly, but the amounts produced internally through fiber fermentation are significantly higher. The concentration of butyrate in the colon can be substantial.

Butyrate plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of the colon. It is the preferred energy source for colonocytes, the cells lining the colon, and provides them with essential fuel for their functions, including cell proliferation and differentiation. This energy supply is vital for the integrity and proper functioning of the intestinal barrier.

Beyond its role as an energy source, butyrate exhibits various beneficial physiological effects. It has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties within the gut, helping to modulate the immune response and reduce inflammation. It also influences gut motility and can affect neurotransmitter production, potentially impacting mood and behavior through the gut-brain axis. Research is ongoing into its potential therapeutic applications for conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, colon cancer, and metabolic disorders.