bronchoscòpia

Bronchoscopy is a medical procedure used to examine the airways of the lungs. It involves inserting a thin, flexible tube called a bronchoscope into the airways, usually through the nose or mouth. The bronchoscope has a light and a camera, allowing the doctor to visualize the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles.

This procedure can be performed for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. Diagnostically, it helps identify the cause of persistent cough, coughing up blood, shortness of breath, or abnormal findings on chest X-rays or CT scans. It can also be used to obtain tissue samples (biopsies) or fluid samples from suspicious areas for laboratory analysis, aiding in the diagnosis of conditions like lung cancer, infections, or inflammatory diseases.

Therapeutically, bronchoscopy can be used to remove foreign objects lodged in the airways, clear mucus plugs, stop bleeding, or treat airway obstructions caused by tumors. It can also be used to insert stents to keep airways open or to deliver medication directly into the lungs.

The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia with sedation to ensure patient comfort. In some cases, general anesthesia may be used. After the procedure, patients may experience a sore throat or hoarseness for a short period. Potential risks, though rare, include bleeding, infection, or pneumothorax (collapsed lung).