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Breaths per minute, often abbreviated as BPM, is a common physiological measurement that quantifies the number of times a person or animal inhales and exhales in a one-minute period. This rate is a key indicator of respiratory function and can provide insights into an individual's overall health and metabolic state. Normal resting respiratory rates vary depending on age, fitness level, and other factors. For instance, adults typically have a resting respiratory rate between 12 and 20 breaths per minute, while infants and children tend to have higher rates.

Changes in breaths per minute can signify various conditions. An elevated rate, known as tachypnea, can be caused by fever, anxiety, strenuous physical activity, or respiratory distress. Conversely, a decreased rate, or bradypnea, may indicate certain medical conditions, such as drug overdose, head injury, or hypothermia. Healthcare professionals frequently monitor BPM as part of a vital signs assessment, alongside heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature, to quickly evaluate a patient's status and detect potential health issues. The measurement is typically taken by observing the rise and fall of the chest or abdomen over the course of a minute.