borewells

A borewell is a narrow hole drilled into the ground to access groundwater. It is a common method for obtaining a water supply, particularly in rural and agricultural areas. The drilling process involves using specialized equipment to penetrate soil and rock layers until an aquifer, a subterranean layer of permeable rock or sediment that holds and transmits groundwater, is reached. The depth of a borewell can vary significantly depending on local geological conditions and the depth of the water table.

Once the desired depth is achieved, a casing, typically made of PVC or steel pipe, is installed. This casing prevents the borewell from collapsing and filters out unwanted sediment. A screen is usually placed at the aquifer level to allow water to enter while keeping sand and gravel out. A pump, either submersible or surface-mounted, is then installed within or above the borewell to bring the water to the surface.

The water extracted from borewells can be used for various purposes including drinking water, irrigation, and industrial processes. However, it is crucial to test the water quality regularly to ensure it is safe for its intended use. Over-extraction from borewells can lead to a drop in the water table, potentially causing wells to dry up and impacting the availability of groundwater resources for the wider community. Sustainable groundwater management practices are therefore essential for the long-term viability of borewell usage.