biofiltered

Biofiltered refers to a system or process that utilizes biological agents, most commonly microorganisms, to remove contaminants from a fluid, typically water or air. This biological filtration process leverages the metabolic capabilities of these organisms to break down or absorb pollutants, thereby purifying the medium.

In water treatment, biofiltration is widely employed in both municipal and industrial settings. Wastewater is passed through a filter bed containing a diverse community of bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. These microorganisms colonize the surface of the filter media, forming a biofilm. As contaminated water flows over the biofilm, the microorganisms consume organic matter, nitrogen compounds, and other pollutants. This process can effectively reduce biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and nutrient levels.

Biofiltration is also utilized in air purification systems, particularly for removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and odors. In this application, contaminated air is directed through a biofilter containing a porous medium inoculated with specialized microorganisms. These microbes metabolize the airborne pollutants, converting them into less harmful substances like carbon dioxide and water. Biofilters are known for their sustainability and cost-effectiveness, as they often require less energy and fewer chemicals compared to conventional filtration methods. The effectiveness of a biofiltered system is dependent on factors such as the type and concentration of pollutants, the microbial community present, temperature, moisture, and the surface area of the filter media.