bilirubinná

Bilirubin is a yellow compound that occurs in the normal catabolic pathway that breaks down heme in red blood cells. It is produced during the breakdown of heme by the enzyme biliverdin reductase. Bilirubin is a result of the heme catabolism process within the liver, which takes place when the body breaks down old or damaged red blood cells.

The bilirubin is initially transported from the liver to the intestines, where it undergoes enterohepatic recirculation, meaning it is reabsorbed and returned to the liver for further processing. From there, it can either be stored in the liver, processed further, or excreted through the bile into the intestines. Excess levels of bilirubin in the blood can indicate liver or bile duct problems.

Bilirubin has photodynamic properties and can bind to proteins such as serum albumin in the blood to move without undergoing oxidative reactions easily. However, high bilirubin levels can lead to a condition known as jaundice, where skin, eyes, and urine exhibit a yellow tint due to elevated bilirubin levels in the blood.

Elevated bilirubin levels can result from liver damage, infections, or faulty hemoglobin metabolism. High bilirubin levels above 10 mg/dL can require medical intervention through blood exchanges or other therapeutic methods if symptoms persist. Maintaining proper liver function and efficient bilirubin processing is crucial to preventing and treating bilirubin-related conditions.