bgt2

BGT-2, or betaine/GABA transporter 2, is a membrane transporter protein that belongs to the solute carrier 6 (SLC6) family. In humans, it is encoded by the SLC6A13 gene. Like other members of the SLC6 family, BGT-2 is a sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter that moves substrates across cell membranes.

BGT-2 primarily transports the compatible osmolyte betaine and the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. By importing these substrates, it contributes to intracellular osmolyte balance and to the termination of GABAergic signaling in tissues where it is expressed. Its activity helps regulate extracellular GABA levels and can influence neuronal excitability in the regions where it is present.

Structure and expression: BGT-2 is predicted to have the typical 12-transmembrane domain topology characteristic of SLC6 transporters. In mammals, expression of SLC6A13 has been detected in the central nervous system, with species-specific patterns and possible additional expression in other tissues reported in some studies. The precise distribution can vary between organisms and developmental stages.

Genetics and clinical relevance: Variants in SLC6A13 have been investigated for potential associations with neuropsychiatric traits, though results are not yet conclusive. There are no approved therapeutics targeting BGT-2 specifically, and current research focuses on understanding its physiological role and exploring whether modulation of its activity could influence GABA signaling or osmotic regulation.

See also: SLC6A13; GABA transporter; betaine transporter.