betablokátory

Betablokátory, also known as beta-adrenergic blocking agents, are a class of medications primarily used to manage a variety of cardiovascular conditions. They work by blocking the effects of adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine) on the body's beta receptors. These hormones, often associated with the "fight or flight" response, can increase heart rate, blood pressure, and the force of heart contractions. By inhibiting their action, beta-blockers slow down the heart rate, reduce the force of the heart's pumping action, and lower blood pressure.

This mechanism makes them effective in treating conditions such as hypertension (high blood pressure), angina pectoris (chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart), and certain heart rhythm disorders like atrial fibrillation. They are also prescribed after a heart attack to reduce the risk of future cardiac events and in individuals with heart failure to improve the heart's efficiency. Beyond cardiovascular uses, beta-blockers can be used to manage symptoms of anxiety, such as rapid heartbeat and tremors, and in the treatment of glaucoma by reducing the production of fluid in the eye.

Common side effects can include fatigue, cold hands and feet, slower heart rate, and sometimes dizziness or shortness of breath. It is important to note that beta-blockers should not be stopped abruptly without consulting a healthcare professional, as this can lead to a worsening of cardiac symptoms. They are available in various forms, including oral tablets and eye drops, and are typically prescribed by a doctor after assessing an individual's medical history and current health status.