beschluss

Beschluss is a formal decision adopted by a deliberative body or authority. It is used in law and in organizational contexts and serves to determine rights, obligations, or actions for those addressed. In German legal usage, the term denotes decisions that are not always final judgments; it covers procedural rulings, interim measures, and final resolutions in certain fields, as well as ordinary decisions of courts and public authorities. A Beschluss typically consists of an operative part (the Beschlussformel) that states the decision, and, if required, a justification (Begründung).

In the judiciary and public administration, Beschlüsse can decide questions of admissibility, jurisdiction, procedural orders, or grant discretionary measures such as provisional relief. They are usually subject to specific remedies or appeal procedures defined by law, and their enforceability depends on formal requirements such as notices, deadlines, and the stated authority.

In private law and corporate governance, a Beschluss is the resolution passed by a body such as a shareholders’ meeting, the board of directors, or a committee. It is binding on the participants and on the company or association according to the statute or articles of association. For corporate bodies, the required majority and quorum for a Beschluss vary by matter and jurisdiction, and certain “qualified” or “special” majorities may be mandated for significant acts like capital changes or amendments to the statute.

In international and supranational contexts, the term is used in German translations of acts such as EU Decisions or UN Security Council Beschlüsse, which are binding on those addressed.