benzeno
Benzeno is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon, with the chemical formula C6H6. It is a colorless, volatile liquid at room temperature with a characteristic sweet odor and is highly flammable. It is practically insoluble in water and soluble in many organic solvents. Typical physical properties include a boiling point of 80.1 °C and a melting point of about −5.5 °C.
The molecule features a planar hexagonal ring of six carbon atoms, each bonded to one hydrogen atom.
Historically, benzene was first isolated from coal tar in the 19th century, and its ring structure was
Chemically, benzene undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, such as nitration, sulfonation, halogenation, and Friedel–Crafts alkylation or
Safety and environment: benzene is a known human carcinogen, associated with leukemia and other blood disorders.