beleértve

Beleértve is a Hungarian word that functions as a fixed expression meaning “including.” It is used to indicate that certain items, people, or elements are part of a larger set or total, often when enumerating components, costs, or participants. The term signals inclusivity and can appear in formal or semi-formal writing.

Usage and syntax: Beleértve typically follows the element it qualifies and is commonly set off by commas in the sentence. Examples: “A költségvetés 1 millió forintot tartalmaz, beleértve az adókat is.” “A rendezvény programja számos előadást tartalmaz, beleértve a konferenciát is.” It can also appear in clauses that expand a group, as in “A résztvevők között ott voltak a diákok, beleértve a tanárokat is.” The construction is generally treated as a participial phrase and does not require agreement with a noun.

Etymology and form: Beleértve is formed from a prefix be- attached to a participial form related to érteni (to understand). In usage, it functions to express inclusion, roughly translating to “including” or “also including” in English. It is a stable, widely understood expression in Hungarian and does not behave as a standalone verb.

Notes: The phrase helps to convey a precise scope by acknowledging items beyond those explicitly named. In careful writing, it is best placed close to the part of the sentence it enlarges and, when used with long lists, separated with commas to avoid ambiguity.