begreppsförändringsteorin

Begreppsförändringsteorin, also known as conceptual change theory, is a learning theory that focuses on how individuals acquire new knowledge and modify their existing understanding. It posits that learning is not simply an additive process of accumulating new information, but rather a reconstructive process involving the restructuring of existing conceptual frameworks. When encountering new concepts that contradict or challenge prior beliefs, learners may experience conceptual conflict. This conflict can lead to different forms of conceptual change.

One form is conceptual change by replacement, where an old, inadequate concept is completely replaced by a new, more accurate one. Another is conceptual change by differentiation, where the new concept is integrated into the existing framework, adding nuance and specificity without discarding the old concept entirely. A third possibility is conceptual change by reconciliation, where elements of both the old and new concepts are synthesized into a new, more comprehensive understanding.

The theory emphasizes the importance of learners' prior knowledge and beliefs, recognizing that these deeply ingrained ideas can act as significant barriers to learning. Effective conceptual change often requires conscious effort from the learner to recognize the limitations of their existing concepts and to actively engage with and understand the new ones. Educators applying this theory aim to create learning environments that foster conceptual conflict in a constructive manner, providing opportunities for learners to question, reflect, and ultimately revise their understanding.