barotraumoja

Barotrauma refers to physical damage to body tissues caused by a difference in pressure between a gas-filled space within or surrounding the body and the surrounding ambient pressure. This pressure difference can occur when an individual experiences rapid changes in external pressure, such as during diving, flying, or even with certain medical procedures. Common areas affected include the ears, lungs, sinuses, and gastrointestinal tract.

In the ears, barotrauma, often called ear squeeze, can result from ascending or descending too quickly in water or air. This can lead to pain, fluid in the middle ear, or even a ruptured eardrum. Lung barotrauma, or lung squeeze, is a more serious concern, particularly in diving, and can occur if air is trapped in the lungs during ascent, leading to overexpansion and potential rupture of lung tissue. Sinus barotrauma can cause pain and bleeding in the sinus cavities due to pressure imbalances.

Prevention of barotrauma often involves equalizing pressure gradually and consciously, particularly in activities that involve significant pressure changes. Techniques like the Valsalva maneuver are used to equalize pressure in the middle ear. Medical attention may be required for severe cases of barotrauma, with treatment depending on the severity and location of the injury. Understanding the risks and employing appropriate preventative measures are crucial for individuals engaging in activities with potential for barotrauma.