balata

Balata is a natural resin and latex obtained from the balata trees of the genus Manilkara, notably Manilkara bidentata. The latex is a rubbery, viscous substance that exudes from incisions in the tree and hardens on exposure to air. Balata trees are native to tropical South America and the Caribbean; the latex is tapped much like rubber. After collection, the latex is refined to produce a hard, resinous material used in various products.

Historically, balata was widely used as a natural rubber substitute and as a coating for sports balls. Balata-covered golf balls became popular in the mid-20th century because the balata shell offered greater spin and control than earlier gutta-percha covers, though they were more sensitive to moisture and scuffing. Balata was also used in other molded products, varnishes, and decorative veneers. The development of synthetic polymers led to a decline in balata usage, and today it is largely of historical and niche interest, with some specialty applications.