backchannel

Backchannel refers to a secondary, informal, or unofficial communication channel that accompanies a primary channel of communication. It can be physical, such as whispered conversations, or digital, such as private chat messages, emails, or private lines used alongside a public discourse. The term emphasizes information conveyed outside the main flow, often to provide feedback, clarification, or coordination without interrupting the primary process.

In diplomacy and politics, backchannel diplomacy denotes unofficial communications between governments or leaders through intermediaries. Such channels can allow negotiators to explore sensitive issues, build trust, or test ideas away from public scrutiny, sometimes influencing official positions or public statements.

In meetings, classrooms, and online events, backchannel use describes side conversations or real-time feedback that complement the main presentation. Attendees may use messaging apps or chat tools to pose questions, share insights, or organize collaborative tasks. This can enhance participation but may also distract from the speaker.

In technology, a backchannel is an auxiliary communication path used for management, telemetry, or signaling that runs alongside the primary data channel. It is useful for monitoring system status or coordinating components but can pose security concerns if exploited as a covert channel.