assertiva

Assertiva is a term in Portuguese with related but distinct meanings in linguistics, logic, and interpersonal communication. In general use, it can describe a statement that asserts something, or refer to a style of speaking and behaving that is direct and confident. The feminine form assertiva and the masculine form assertivo are used to label both statements and personality traits, depending on context.

In linguistics and logic, an assertiva (or a declarative sentence) is a statement that asserts a truth or belief. It conveys information rather than asking a question or expressing emotion. Frases assertivas, or afirmativas, are used to present propositions such as “A água ferve a 100 graus Celsius.” This sense emphasizes content and truth-claims within discourse.

In psychology and interpersonal communication, assertiva describes a communication style and the corresponding behavior. Assertividade refers to expressing needs, rights, and opinions clearly and respectfully, while maintaining consideration for others. This approach aims for honesty and directness without aggression, and is linked to improved self-esteem, boundary setting, and constructive dialogue. Critics note that misinterpretations or cultural norms can affect how assertiveness is received in different social contexts.

Etymology traces assertiva to the verb afirmar (to affirm), with the noun and adjective forms evolving to describe statements or traits that affirm or express confidently. Related terms include afirmação (an assertion), frase afirmativa (declarative sentence), and assertividade. The concept appears in educational, psychological, and linguistic literature as a way to categorize both linguistic propositions and communicative behavior.