asjaõigusi

Asjaõigusi, often translated as rights in rem or property rights, refers to the legal rights that a person has over a specific thing or asset. These rights are enforceable against the entire world, not just against a particular person or entity. In essence, asjaõigusi establish a direct legal relationship between a person and a thing, allowing the holder to control, use, and dispose of that thing to the exclusion of others.

The most fundamental form of asjaõigusi is ownership, which grants the broadest range of rights over a property. Other examples include possession, usufruct, servitudes (rights of way or use over another's property), and security interests like mortgages or pledges. The specific rights and limitations associated with each type of asjaõigusi are typically defined by national law.

The creation, transfer, and termination of asjaõigusi are usually subject to strict legal formalities to ensure legal certainty and protect the rights of all parties involved. This often involves registration in public registers, especially for immovable property like land and buildings. The purpose of asjaõigusi is to provide a clear framework for the allocation and protection of property, facilitating economic activity and preventing disputes. They are a cornerstone of property law in many legal systems.