asendunud

Asendunud is an Estonian past participle adjective describing a state that results from replacement. It indicates that something has been substituted or replaced by another thing, rather than focusing on the act of replacing itself.

Etymology and form: Asendunud is derived from the intransitive verb asenduma (to be replaced, to be substituted) with the participial suffix -unud. In use, it functions like an adjective and can describe nouns in predicative or attributive positions. It now commonly appears in formal and technical language to express a completed change of state.

Usage: The term is typical in contexts such as technology, processes, organizational roles, or equipment where one element has taken the place of another. It often appears in sentences with the copula on to state a current condition: for example, Süsteem on asendunud uue versiooniga (The system has been replaced by a new version). It can also modify nouns attributively: asendunud seadmed (replaced devices). Because it expresses a state resulting from substitution, it is most common in descriptive or evaluative writing rather than in informal speech.

Relation to related forms: Asendunud is related to asendama (to replace, to substitute) and asendatud (the past passive participle of asendama). While asendama emphasizes the act of replacing, asendunud highlights the resulting situation of having been replaced. In practice, the two forms may appear in overlapping contexts, with subtle differences in emphasis.

Examples:

- System muutus: Süsteem on asendunud uue versiooniga.

- General description: Vanad prosessid on asendunud tõhusamate meetoditega.

- Equipment note: Asendunud seadmed eemaldati laos.

See also: asendama, asendatud, asendit.