armbevægelse

An armbevægelse, or arm movement, refers to the motion produced by the musculoskeletal system of the upper limb. It involves coordinated action of the shoulder joint, elbow joint, forearm, wrist, and hand. These movements are essential for daily activities such as reaching, grasping, and manipulating objects.

The primary muscles that generate armbevægelse are the deltoids, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, rotator cuff group, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, brachioradialis, and forearm flexors and extensors. The shoulder joint, a ball‑in‑socket joint, permits flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal and external rotation. The elbow joint allows flexion and extension driven by the biceps and triceps. Wrist and finger motors add fine‑grip control, permitting precision and strength tasks.

Biomechanically, arm movements are classified as gross or fine motor activity. Gross movements involve larger muscle groups and serve tasks like lifting or pushing, while fine movements rely on intricate coordination of small muscles and tendons, enabling tasks such as writing or buttoning. Afferent signals from proprioceptors in muscles and joints detect position and velocity, providing feedback for smooth, accurate motion.

Clinically, disturbances in armbevægelse are common in neurological disorders such as stroke, Parkinson’s disease, and peripheral neuropathies, as well as musculoskeletal injuries like rotator cuff tears or radial tunnel syndrome. Rehabilitation approaches focus on strengthening, range‑of‑motion exercises, and proprioceptive training to restore function. Understanding the anatomy and mechanics of arm movements is therefore vital for diagnosis, treatment, and enhancing functional independence in patients.