aritmetinis

Aritmetinis is an adjective in Lithuanian used to denote relation to arithmetic, the branch of mathematics that studies numbers and the basic operations used to manipulate them. The term is applied to concepts, methods and properties that pertain to counting, calculation and numerical reasoning, including the handling of integers, fractions and decimals.

Common aritmetinis concepts and expressions include aritmetinis progresas (arithmetic progression), a sequence in which the difference between consecutive terms is constant; aritmetinis vidurkis (arithmetic mean), the sum of values divided by the number of values; and aritmetinės operacijos, the four basic operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Also relevant are arithmetic properties such as the commutative and associative laws for addition and multiplication.

History and scope: Arithmetic is among the oldest branches of mathematics, with early numeral systems and counting methods developed in ancient civilizations such as Mesopotamia and Egypt. Its notation and techniques were refined by Greek mathematicians and later by scholars in the Islamic world, contributing to the modern formulation and pedagogy of arithmetic.

Applications: Aritmetinis reasoning underpins education, finance, engineering, computer science and everyday calculations, and provides foundational tools for more advanced areas such as algebra, number theory and statistics.

See also: aritmetika, aritmetinis progresas, aritmetinis vidurkis.