antinflammatory

Inflammation is a complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. It is a protective mechanism intended to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury, clear out necrotic cells and tissues damaged as a result of the initial insult and the acute response, and to initiate tissue repair. However, chronic or excessive inflammation can lead to various diseases.

Anti-inflammatory substances are compounds that reduce inflammation. They can be broadly categorized into non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids. NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and aspirin, work by inhibiting enzymes called cyclooxygenases (COX), which are involved in the production of prostaglandins, chemicals that promote inflammation and pain. Corticosteroids, synthetic versions of hormones produced by the adrenal glands, are potent anti-inflammatory agents that work through a more complex mechanism, affecting gene expression to reduce the production of inflammatory mediators.

Beyond pharmaceuticals, many natural compounds are also recognized for their anti-inflammatory properties. These include omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil, curcumin from turmeric, and various antioxidants present in fruits and vegetables. These natural agents often work by modulating inflammatory pathways or neutralizing free radicals that can contribute to inflammation. The use of anti-inflammatory agents, whether synthetic or natural, aims to alleviate the symptoms associated with inflammation, such as swelling, redness, heat, and pain, and to prevent or manage inflammatory conditions.