ansiktregionen

Ansiktregionen is a term used to denote the facial region of the head, encompassing the external structures that define the human face. It includes the forehead, eyes and surrounding orbits, nose, cheeks, mouth and lips, chin, and adjacent soft tissues. The underlying skeletal framework is formed by facial bones such as the maxilla, mandible, zygomatic, nasal and frontal portions; these provide attachment for muscles and support for sensory organs.

Muscles of facial expression—including orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris and zygomaticus—mediate movements used in communication and eating. Sensory innervation is primarily supplied by the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) with three major divisions serving the forehead, midface and lower face; motor control of expression is mainly via the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII). Blood supply arises from branches of the external carotid artery, notably the facial and superficial temporal arteries, and lymph drains to regional nodes such as the submandibular and parotid groups.

Clinically, the facial region is important in trauma, reconstructive and cosmetic surgery, dermatology, and neurology. Common concerns include fractures, lacerations, infections, inflammatory skin conditions, and facial nerve palsies. Developmentally, the face forms from embryonic pharyngeal arches and prominences; congenital anomalies can affect appearance and function. Variation in size, shape and features is extensive across individuals and populations.