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ancy

Ancy is a suffix in English used to form abstract nouns that denote a state, condition, or quality. It is historically derived from Old French -ance, which in turn comes from Latin, and it is related to the suffix -ence. In modern usage, the choice between -ancy and -ence is largely lexical rather than strictly rule-based, with many words following established conventions rather than general guidelines.

The suffix -ancy attaches to stems to indicate a particular state or quality. Common examples include vacancy

In contrast, the -ence variant forms nouns with similar meanings in many other words, such as frequency

Usage notes: words ending in -ancy are common in formal and academic writing, often describing states, conditions,

(the
state
of
being
vacant),
tenancy
(the
state
or
period
of
tenancy),
pregnancy
(the
state
of
being
pregnant),
urgency
(the
quality
or
condition
of
being
urgent),
constancy
(the
quality
of
being
constant),
and
expectancy
(the
state
of
pending
or
anticipated
events).
Some
words
with
this
suffix
trace
their
spelling
from
adjectives
ending
in
-ant
or
-ent,
though
there
are
many
exceptions
due
to
historical
development
and
irregular
usage.
(from
frequent),
dependence
(from
dependent),
and
incidentally,
ignorance
(from
ignorant,
with
a
different
historical
path).
The
distribution
of
-ancy
and
-ence,
therefore,
reflects
historical
word
formation
more
than
a
simple
phonetic
rule.
or
qualities.
Many
speakers
recognize
both
forms,
but
certain
pairs
are
fixed
by
convention
(for
example,
vacancy
but
not
vacuency,
urgency
but
not
urgancy).
Understanding
the
distinction
helps
in
spelling
and
in
recognizing
related
terms
across
English
vocabulary.