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Allusion is a literary device in which an author refers to a person, place, event, or idea from a previous work of literature, history, religion, mythology, or culture. Allusions are often used to create a sense of familiarity and shared knowledge between the author and the reader, and can also serve to enrich the text with additional layers of meaning. They can be direct, where the reference is explicit, or indirect, where the reference is implied or subtle. Allusions can be used for various purposes, such as to create humor, to establish a character's background, or to convey a complex idea in a concise manner. For example, in Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet," the character Mercutio alludes to the Trojan War when he says, "A plague on both your houses!" This reference to the Trojan War, which was a well-known event in Shakespeare's time, serves to emphasize the tragic nature of the feud between the Montagues and the Capulets. Allusions can be a powerful tool in an author's arsenal, allowing them to create rich, layered texts that engage and challenge readers.