alkoholavvänjning

Alkoholavvänjning, also known as alcohol withdrawal, refers to the range of physical and psychological symptoms that can occur when a person who is dependent on alcohol suddenly stops or significantly reduces their intake. This condition arises because the body has become accustomed to the presence of alcohol and its effects on the central nervous system. When alcohol is removed, the brain becomes overactive, leading to withdrawal symptoms.

The severity of alcohol withdrawal can vary greatly depending on factors such as the duration and amount of alcohol consumed, the individual's overall health, and their history of previous withdrawal episodes. Mild symptoms can include anxiety, tremors, insomnia, nausea, and sweating. More severe withdrawal can progress to hallucinations (visual, auditory, or tactile), seizures, and delirium tremens (DTs). Delirium tremens is a life-threatening condition characterized by confusion, disorientation, severe agitation, fever, and increased heart rate.

Medical supervision is often recommended or necessary for individuals experiencing alcohol withdrawal, especially if they have a history of severe withdrawal symptoms or co-occurring medical conditions. Treatment typically involves managing symptoms, preventing complications, and providing support. Medications, such as benzodiazepines, are commonly used to manage anxiety, tremors, and seizures, and to prevent DTs. Supportive care, including hydration, nutrition, and a calm environment, is also crucial. Long-term recovery often involves further treatment for alcohol use disorder, including counseling and support groups, to address the underlying reasons for alcohol dependence and prevent relapse.