alcázars

An alcázar is a type of Moorish castle or palace, particularly prevalent in Spain and Portugal. The term is derived from the Arabic word al-qasr, meaning "the fortress." Alcázars were typically fortified residences built by the Moors during their rule in the Iberian Peninsula, often serving as administrative centers, royal residences, and defensive structures.

These structures are characterized by their blend of Islamic and later Christian architectural styles, reflecting the historical transitions of the region. Common features include imposing walls, towers, courtyards, and elaborate decorative elements such as intricate tilework (azulejos), horseshoe arches, and stucco carvings. Many alcázars were built on elevated sites, offering strategic vantage points and a degree of natural defense.

Over time, as Christian kingdoms reconquered territories from the Moors, many alcázars were adapted and expanded to suit Christian rulers' needs and architectural preferences. This often resulted in the addition of Gothic, Renaissance, or Baroque elements, creating a fusion of styles that is a hallmark of many surviving examples. Today, numerous alcázars are preserved as historical monuments, museums, or even as royal residences, offering insights into the rich and complex history of Spain and Portugal. Notable examples include the Alcázar of Seville, the Alcázar of Segovia, and the Alcázar of Toledo.