akkuhallintajärjestelmä

Akkuhallintajärjestelmä, often abbreviated as BMS (Battery Management System), is a critical electronic system that monitors and controls rechargeable batteries. Its primary function is to ensure the safety, performance, and longevity of a battery pack. A BMS continuously measures key parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature for individual cells and the entire battery pack.

One of the most vital roles of a BMS is cell balancing. Because no two battery cells are exactly identical, their charge and discharge rates can vary. Cell balancing circuits within the BMS ensure that all cells in a pack maintain a similar state of charge. This prevents overcharging or deep discharging of individual cells, which can lead to irreversible damage and reduced lifespan.

Safety is another paramount concern for a BMS. It protects the battery from hazardous conditions like overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage, and overheating. If any of these parameters exceed safe operating limits, the BMS can disconnect the battery pack from the load or charger to prevent damage or fire.

Furthermore, a BMS often provides essential data about the battery's health. This can include the state of charge (SoC), state of health (SoH), and remaining useful life (RUL). This information is crucial for applications where battery performance is critical, such as electric vehicles, portable electronics, and energy storage systems. The communication interface of a BMS allows this data to be accessed by external devices or users.