aivovaltimosta

Aivovaltimosta, known in English as the carotid artery, refers to either of the two major arteries on either side of the neck that supply blood to the head and brain. The common carotid artery arises from the aorta in the chest and ascends the neck. In the upper part of the neck, typically around the level of the voice box, it divides into two branches: the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery.

The internal carotid artery is the primary source of blood for the brain. It enters the skull through the carotid canal and branches extensively to supply most of the cerebral hemispheres, including the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. The external carotid artery, on the other hand, supplies blood to the face, scalp, neck, and parts of the brainstem and cerebellum. It branches into numerous smaller arteries that serve these superficial and deep structures.

Problems with the carotid arteries, such as blockages due to atherosclerosis (plaque buildup), can significantly increase the risk of stroke. Strokes occur when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, either by a blockage or a rupture of a blood vessel. Carotid artery stenosis, the narrowing of the artery, is a major concern and is often treated with medication or surgical procedures like endarterectomy or angioplasty. Regular medical check-ups can help monitor the health of these vital arteries.