aeolid

Aeolid refers to a large group of aeolid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks within the nudibranchs. Aeolids are characterized by numerous cerata, finger-like dorsal appendages that extend along the back. Each ceras contains extensions of the digestive gland, and the tips bear cnidosacs that can store nematocysts obtained from cnidarian prey, a form of kleptocnidae defense.

Anatomy and appearance vary widely, but all aeolids possess a pair of rhinophores on the head and a mouth surrounded by oral tentacles. The cerata serve breathing and digestion, and their coloration is often vivid, acting as camouflage or warning coloration. The cnidosacs at the ceratal tips are used to defend against predators by deploying stolen nematocysts.

Diet and ecology: Aeolids primarily feed on cnidarians such as hydroids, anemones, and soft corals, though some species prey on other sessile invertebrates. Their ability to sequester cnidarian nematocysts allows them to deter predators without possessing a shell. They are found in a wide range of marine environments, from shallow coastal zones to deeper habitats, and exhibit diverse color patterns that aid in species and mate recognition.

Reproduction and development: Aeolids are hermaphroditic, typically mating with reciprocal insemination. They lay eggs in gelatinous ribbons or masses, which hatch into free-swimming veliger larvae in many species, though developmental modes can vary among taxa. The life cycles and ecological roles of aeolids contribute to the trophic dynamics of benthic marine communities.