acrylated

Acrylated refers to molecules that have been functionalized with an acrylate group, typically an ester derived from acrylic acid (prop-2-enoic acid). The acrylate moiety has the structure CH2=CH-CO-O-R, where R is an alkyl or other substituent. Incorporating an acrylate group introduces a reactive vinyl site that enables polymerization by radical, cationic, or Michael-type mechanisms, making acrylated compounds central to many coatings, adhesives, and polymer formulations.

In practice, acrylation attaches an acrylate group to alcohols, amines, or other nucleophiles. Common acrylate esters include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. Polyfunctional acrylates such as pentaerythritol triacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate are used as crosslinkers in formulations. Acrylation can be achieved by reacting the target molecule with acryloyl chloride or acrylic anhydride, or through transesterification of existing esters.

Applications of acrylated compounds are widespread. They are key components in coatings, paints, adhesives, and sealants, particularly in UV-curable systems that rapidly polymerize under light in the presence of photoinitiators. Acrylated monomers and oligomers also find use in hydrogels, biomedical polymers, and surface-modifying finishes, such as acrylated oils used in specialty coatings.

Safety and handling considerations include irritation and sensitization risks to skin and eyes. Many acrylates are reactive and can polymerize if stored improperly; inhibitors and proper ventilation are commonly used to prevent premature curing. Standard precautions for handling reactive vinyl monomers apply, including appropriate personal protective equipment and storage practices.