In practice, absorptionsmätningar are typically performed using a spectrophotometer, an instrument that measures the intensity of light at different wavelengths. The sample is placed in a cuvette, and light from a source passes through the sample and is then detected by a sensor. The absorbance is calculated by comparing the intensity of the light before and after it passes through the sample.
Absorptionsmätningar can be used to determine the concentration of a known substance in a solution, identify unknown compounds based on their absorption spectra, and study the kinetics of chemical reactions. The technique is particularly useful for studying molecules that absorb light in the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) or infrared (IR) regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
One of the advantages of absorptionsmätningar is their simplicity and non-destructive nature. The sample remains intact after the measurement, making it possible to reuse the sample for further analysis. Additionally, the technique is relatively inexpensive and can be performed using commercially available spectrophotometers.
However, absorptionsmätningar also have limitations. The technique is most effective for studying solutions, and it may not be suitable for studying solid samples or samples with complex matrices. Additionally, the accuracy of the measurements can be affected by factors such as sample turbidity, interference from other absorbing species, and the choice of reference wavelength.
In summary, absorptionsmätningar are a valuable tool for studying the properties of molecules, compounds, and materials. The technique is based on the Beer-Lambert law and is typically performed using a spectrophotometer. While it has limitations, absorptionsmätningar offer a simple, non-destructive, and cost-effective method for quantifying light absorption and studying the properties of samples.