aberácií

Aberácia is a term used in various scientific contexts, most commonly in biology and astronomy. In biology, it refers to a deviation from the normal or typical form of a species, often due to genetic mutation. These variations can manifest in physical characteristics, such as unusual coloration, size, or structural anomalies. For example, albinism, where an organism lacks pigment, is considered a type of biological aberation. These deviations are generally rare and can arise spontaneously or be inherited.

In astronomy, aberáciá refers to an apparent displacement of the position of a celestial object due to the finite speed of light and the motion of the observer. This phenomenon was first described by James Bradley in 1725. The most significant type is stellar aberration, caused by the Earth's orbital motion around the Sun. Light from a star reaches the observer's telescope, but during the time it takes for the light to travel down the telescope, the Earth moves, causing the star's apparent position to shift slightly in the direction of the Earth's motion. This results in stars appearing to trace small ellipses or circles in the sky over the course of a year. Aberáciá is a fundamental concept in understanding stellar positions and parallax measurements.