abarium

An abarium is a specialized type of aquarium designed primarily for housing abalone, a type of marine gastropod mollusk known for its edible spiral shell. Unlike traditional saltwater aquariums, abaria are tailored to meet the specific environmental and dietary needs of abalone, which are filter feeders and require clean, oxygen-rich water.

Abalone thrive in environments that mimic their natural coastal habitats, typically found in rocky reefs along the ocean floor. An abarium must maintain stable water parameters, including a salinity level of around 35 parts per thousand (ppt), a temperature range of 64–72°F (18–22°C), and a pH between 7.8 and 8.4. High water quality is critical, as abalone are sensitive to pollution and poor conditions. Regular water changes, powerful filtration systems, and the use of live rock or coral to promote beneficial bacteria are essential for maintaining a healthy environment.

The diet of abalone primarily consists of algae, which they scrape from surfaces using their radula—a specialized feeding organ. In captivity, this is often supplemented with commercially available algae-based foods, such as nori sheets or specially formulated algae wafers. Some abalone species may also consume detritus or other organic matter, though their diet should be carefully monitored to prevent overfeeding.

Abalone are generally solitary creatures, and overcrowding in an abarium can lead to stress or aggression. Each individual typically requires ample space, with a general guideline of at least one gallon of water per inch of shell length. Additionally, abalone are known to be sensitive to handling, so minimal disturbance is recommended to reduce stress.

While abalone are popular in aquaculture due to their economic value, they are also kept by hobbyists for their unique appearance and ecological role in maintaining water quality. However, due to their specialized care requirements, they are not suitable for beginners in marine aquarium keeping.