Zárulni

Zárulni is a Hungarian intransitive verb meaning to close or to become closed. It emphasizes a closing that happens by itself or without a direct agent, and is often used for doors, gates, markets, or boundaries reaching a close. It contrasts with bezárni, which typically describes someone actively closing or shutting something.

Usage and nuance

Zárulni describes processes or events where the closing occurs as a natural development or as a result of the situation. It can refer to physical closures (a door or gate closing), to the end of a period or schedule (a market or office closing for the day), or to metaphoric closures (a boundary or chapter coming to an end). The verb is commonly used for things that do not require an intentional actor to perform the closing.

Conjugation and examples

The infinitive is zárulni. It is an intransitive verb and follows the pattern of other -ulni verbs. Present tense forms include: én zárulok, te zárulsz, ő zárul, mi zárulunk, ti zárultok, ők zárulnak. The past tense is formed with the indicative past: én zárultam, te zárultál, ő zárult, mi zárultunk, ti zárultatok, ők zárultak. The future can be expressed with the auxiliary fog: A kapu zárulni fog.

Examples:

- Az ajtó zárul. The door is closing / closes.

- A piac zárul minden este. The market closes every evening.

- A kapu zárult. The gate closed.

- A kapu zárulni fog. The gate will close.

Etymology

Zárulni derives from zár (to close) with the -ulni suffix, creating an intransitive, middle-voice verb that expresses becoming closed rather than someone performing the action directly.

See also

bezárulni, záró, zárás