Zwracano

Zwracano is a Polish verb form. It is the past passive participle, third-person plural, imperfective aspect of the verb "zwracać". This verb generally translates to "to return" or "to give back". Therefore, "zwracano" signifies that something was being returned or given back by multiple unspecified agents in the past. The imperfective aspect suggests that this action was ongoing or habitual, rather than a single completed event.

For example, in a sentence like "Pieniądze zwracano co miesiąc" (Money was being returned every month), "zwracano" indicates a repeated action of returning money by an unknown group. The passive voice in Polish, often formed using "się" or specific participle forms, is commonly used when the agent of the action is unknown, unimportant, or deliberately omitted. This grammatical construction allows for a focus on the object of the action and the action itself, rather than who performed it.

The form "zwracano" is a historical or literary form that is not commonly used in modern spoken Polish. Contemporary Polish typically uses the reflexive pronoun "się" to form the passive voice, such as "pieniądze zwracały się co miesiąc" (money was returning itself every month), although even this construction can sound slightly archaic. The direct passive construction with the past participle is less frequent in everyday speech for ongoing actions.